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Koi with basically large black patterns plus some red and white ones are called "Showa Sanshoku." The main
differences between the Taisho Sanshoku and the Showa Sanshoku are :-
The Sanke have red and small black patterns on a
white base, whereas the Showa have red and white patterns combined with large black areas. Another easier distinction are
the head colour patterns. The Sanke have no Sumi on the head, while the Showa have an oblique line ("menware") or Y-shaped
mark and/or nose Sumi. Many of the modern Showa Sanshoku have only a characteristic Y shaped mark.
The appearance of the
Sumi is different. Whereas the Sanke markings are roundish and tend to be found mainly above the lateral line, Showa's have
large, deep wrapping shapes many times extending down over the abdomen. The pectoral fins of the Sanke have either Sumi stripes
or none, while those of the Showa have "Motoguro" ( black joint spots ). The ideal pattern of Sumi is a lightning shaped head
Sumi which divides the head, Motoguro, and imposing Sumi markings on the back. As for the pattern of the Hi that is highly
praised in the Kohaku, it is also preferred in the Showa. A large head Hi is required. It may spread over the nose, cheeks,
and jaws. Deep, uniform Hi is desirable. Clear edges of the Hi are preferred. White patterns are a very important factor for
a fine Showa, the percentage of white should be about 20% to 30% of the body. The white should be pure white. A white area
about midway along the back enhances the beauty of the koi. When white surrounds a Sumi mark on the back, it makes the koi
look elegant. White cheeks make a koi charming, while a white mark on the tail region gives it a decent look.
One
characteristic head Sumi obliquely crosses the head Hi, while another is Y shaped, balanced by nose Sumi. In all cases the
head needs Sumi on it. Ideal body Sumi are lightning or mountain shaped, the latter spreading down to the abdomen. Large Sumi
markings are preferred, if they produce asymmetrical patterns. The pectoral fins should have Motoguro, however some Showa
do not have them. All fins should be free of Hi. Popular today are the "Kindai Showa" (Modern). This type of Showa is predominantly
white which gives it a bright overall impression, and at first glance looks like a Sanke.
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